Các chỉ báo phổ biến
Bollinger Bands, MACD, Parabolic SAR, Stochastic, RSI, ADX và Ichimoku, và cách kết hợp chúng.
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Bài học
- 01Bollinger Bands.Bollinger Bands are three lines on a price chart: usually a 20-period simple moving average in the middle, with bands two standard deviations above and below it. The bands widen when price moves a lot and narrow when it is quiet. A narrow stretch, called a squeeze, often comes before a larger move in either direction.
- 02MACD indicator.MACD, short for moving average convergence divergence, measures the gap between a 12-period and a 26-period exponential moving average of price. A 9-period EMA of that gap forms the signal line, and the histogram shows the difference between the two. It is read as momentum, but it lags price and gives many false signals in ranges.
- 03Parabolic SAR.Parabolic SAR is a trend indicator that draws a dot for each bar, below price in an uptrend and above it in a downtrend. The dots move closer to price as the trend extends, and when price crosses them they flip sides. It is often used as a trailing stop, and it gives many false flips in sideways markets.
- 04Stochastic oscillator.The stochastic oscillator shows where the latest close sits within the high to low range of a set number of candles, on a scale of 0 to 100. Readings above 80 are called overbought and below 20 oversold. They describe recent closes near the top or bottom of the range and do not mean price must reverse.
- 05Relative Strength Index (RSI).The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is a momentum indicator that compares the size of recent gains with recent losses and plots the result from 0 to 100. The default uses 14 candles. Readings above 70 are called overbought and below 30 oversold, but in a strong trend RSI can stay beyond those lines for a long time.
- 06Average Directional Index (ADX).The Average Directional Index (ADX) measures how strong a trend is on a scale of 0 to 100, without saying which way it points. Readings above about 25 are commonly read as a trending market and below about 20 as a weak or ranging one. Two companion lines, +DI and −DI, show direction.
- 07Ichimoku Kinko Hyo.Ichimoku Kinko Hyo is a Japanese trend indicator with five lines: a 9-period conversion line, a 26-period base line, two leading spans that form a cloud 26 periods ahead, and the close plotted 26 periods back. Price above the cloud is read as an uptrend bias, below it as a downtrend bias.
- 08How to combine indicators.Combine indicators by giving each one a different job. Use one tool to read the trend's direction or strength, and another to time entries, such as a moving average with RSI. Avoid stacking tools that measure the same thing, like RSI and Stochastic together, because they repeat one signal and only look like confirmation.
- 09Chart indicators cheat sheet.A chart indicator turns past prices into a number or line. Bollinger Bands measure volatility. MACD, Parabolic SAR and Ichimoku follow trend direction. RSI and the stochastic measure momentum, and ADX measures trend strength. Each has a common signal, and each fails in a predictable kind of market, usually trends for oscillators and ranges for trend tools.